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Glossario

Glossario delle chiamate e del telemarketing

48 termini che un team di chiamata incontra, dal tasso di risposta e gli esiti al DND, al TCPA e al DPDP Act. Ognuno spiegato in modo semplice, con il motivo per cui conta.

Un uomo che scrive su una lavagna bianca in un ufficio luminoso

I termini normativi sono brevi definizioni orientative, verificate a ottobre 2026 sulle fonti ufficiali indicate sotto ciascuno. Non costituiscono consulenza legale e le regole cambiano, quindi verifica la fonte prima di farvi affidamento.

A2P call

Noto anche come: Application-to-person call

An A2P (application-to-person) call is a voice call started by software rather than by a person dialling. In India, TRAI’s 2026 amendment defines A2P calls as calls initiated by an application, software system or automated platform without direct human dialling, including autodialled, robo and prerecorded calls.

Perché è importante: In India, every business that makes A2P calls must declare them to its telecom operator in advance, with the numbers it will use; undeclared A2P calls are treated as unsolicited commercial communication.

In LumaKol: Every LumaKol call is placed from the agent’s own phone. The optional auto-dial next lead feature and Power Dialer start the next call after a countdown, so owners can switch auto-dial off for the whole workspace, which turns Power Dialer off too.

AHT (average handle time)

Noto anche come: Average handling time

Average handle time is the average length of a call from start to finish, usually including any time spent on hold and on notes or follow-up work right after the call.

Perché è importante: Very short calls can mean callers rush or hang up early; very long ones can mean they lack a clear next step. Look at AHT next to outcomes, never on its own.

Auto dialer

Noto anche come: Autodialer, Automatic dialer

An auto dialer is software that dials phone numbers for the caller, so nobody types or taps each number. Power and predictive dialers are two common types.

Perché è importante: Auto dialers save time between calls, but many calling rules treat automatically dialled calls differently from hand-dialled ones, so check what applies where you call.

In LumaKol: LumaKol offers auto-dial next lead: after an outcome is logged, the next lead in the agent’s queue is dialled from their own SIM after a short countdown they can cancel, one call at a time. Power Dialer does the same for a whole list as one session.

Leggi di più: Auto-dialer in LumaKol

Call outcome

Noto anche come: Call result

A call outcome is what happened on a call, recorded right after it: for example connected and interested, call back later, not reachable, wrong number, or asked not to be called.

Perché è importante: Outcomes turn a call log into something you can act on. They decide the next follow-up, feed the reports, and show which leads are worth another try.

In LumaKol: The LumaKol app asks for the outcome when a call ends; each outcome can move the lead to a stage, book the next follow-up and ask a few questions.

Callback

Noto anche come: Call back

A callback is a call you promised to make at a time the lead chose, such as “call me after 6” or “call me next Tuesday”.

Perché è importante: A missed callback tells the lead how the rest of the deal will go. Callbacks need a reminder at the right time and a place at the top of the caller’s list.

In LumaKol: Booking a follow-up from the outcome screen sets a reminder on the caller’s phone, and overdue callbacks move up the calling queue.

Caller ID

Noto anche come: CLI, Calling line identification

Caller ID is the number (and sometimes a name) shown to the person you are calling. Telecom operators call the number itself the CLI, for calling line identification.

Perché è importante: People decide whether to answer from the caller ID. A number they recognise, or one that matches the business they enquired with, gets answered more often.

In LumaKol: LumaKol calls show the agent’s own mobile number, because they are ordinary calls from the agent’s SIM.

Click-to-call

Click-to-call starts a phone call when you click a number or a Call button on a screen, instead of dialling by hand.

Perché è importante: It removes typing mistakes and saves a few seconds on every call, which adds up over a day of calling.

In LumaKol: In LumaKol, clicking Call on a lead in the web app rings out from the caller’s own phone.

Cloud telephony

Cloud telephony is a phone system run by a provider over the internet: virtual numbers, call routing, IVR menus and recording, usually paid per minute or per channel.

Perché è importante: It suits high-volume inbound lines and contact centres. Outbound calls come from the provider’s numbers rather than your team’s own mobile numbers.

Cold calling

Noto anche come: Cold call

Cold calling is calling people or businesses who have not asked to hear from you, usually from a bought or researched list.

Perché è importante: Cold calls are the most regulated kind of sales call: do-not-call registers, number series and consent rules apply in most markets. Check them before you start.

Leggi di più: Cold calling CRM

Connect rate

Connect rate is the share of dialled calls that are answered by someone. Ten answered calls out of fifty dials is a 20% connect rate.

Perché è importante: It shows how reachable your list is and whether timing, caller ID or spam labels are hurting you, before you judge what callers say once connected.

In LumaKol: In LumaKol a call counts as connected when the phone recorded it as answered and the outcome saved for it does not say otherwise. An answering machine that picked up for a few seconds, saved as No answer, counts as not answered.

Contact rate

Contact rate is the share of leads (not dials) your team managed to speak to, usually the right person rather than anyone who picked up.

Perché è importante: A team can make plenty of dials and still reach few people. Contact rate tells you how much of your list has actually heard from you.

Conversion rate

Conversion rate is the share of leads that reach a chosen result, such as a booked visit, a demo or a sale, out of all leads in a period or from a source.

Perché è importante: Comparing conversion by lead source and by caller shows where to spend money and who needs coaching.

CRM

Noto anche come: Customer relationship management

A CRM (customer relationship management system) is software that keeps every lead and customer in one place, with their details, history and the next thing to do.

Perché è importante: Without one, leads live in spreadsheets, WhatsApp chats and memory, and follow-ups depend on who remembers. A calling CRM adds the calls themselves to that record.

Leggi di più: Telecalling CRM

Disposition

Noto anche come: Call disposition, Disposition code

A disposition is a label a caller picks after a call to say how it ended, such as interested, call back, not reachable or not interested. It is another name for the call outcome.

Perché è importante: A short, clear list of dispositions keeps reports honest. Too many options and callers pick whatever is first.

In LumaKol: LumaKol calls these outcomes; admins set the list and what each one does.

DLT

Noto anche come: Distributed Ledger Technology platform

DLT is the Distributed Ledger Technology platform that India’s telecom operators run under TRAI’s rules. Businesses that send commercial calls or SMS register on it as senders, together with their SMS headers and message templates.

Perché è importante: In India, commercial SMS need a registered header, and customers’ DND preferences are applied through the DLT system. Calls and messages that bypass it are the main target of enforcement.

In LumaKol: LumaKol does not register senders, headers or templates on DLT. Messages open in the agent’s own WhatsApp or SMS app for the agent to send.

DND

Noto anche come: Do Not Disturb

DND (Do Not Disturb) is India’s system that lets a mobile user block all commercial calls and messages, or chosen categories of them. The preference is stored in the National Customer Preference Register and can be set through the TRAI DND app, the operator’s app or website, or by calling or texting 1909.

Perché è importante: Calling teams in India should screen bought or cold lists against DND before calling. A person who registered can complain about unwanted commercial calls within 7 days.

In LumaKol: LumaKol does not check numbers against the DND register.

Do not call (DND) list

Noto anche come: Internal do-not-call list, Company do-not-call list, DNC list

A do-not-call list is a business’s own record of people who asked it not to call them again. It is separate from national registries such as India’s DND, the US National Do Not Call Registry or the UK’s TPS, which people join to refuse sales calls in general.

Perché è importante: Many calling rules expect a business to honour a request not to be called whether or not the number is on a national registry. One repeat call after a clear refusal is the call people complain about.

In LumaKol: In the LumaKol web app a lead can be marked Do not call, with a reason. The web app and the browser extension then refuse to call it, and only owners, admins and team leads can remove the mark.

Do Not Call Registry (US)

Noto anche come: National Do Not Call Registry, DNC

The National Do Not Call Registry is the US list of landline and mobile numbers whose owners do not want telemarketing calls. Registration is free at donotcall.gov.

Perché è importante: Telemarketers selling in the US must not call registered numbers unless an exemption applies, and must honour do-not-call requests made during a call. Several states keep their own lists too.

DPDP Act

Noto anche come: Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023

The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 is India’s law on digital personal data. It calls the person the data is about the Data Principal and the business that decides why and how the data is processed the Data Fiduciary, and it requires consent that is free, specific, informed, unconditional and unambiguous, with a clear affirmative action.

Perché è importante: A calling team’s lead list is personal data. The Act’s rules were notified in November 2025 and apply in phases, with penalties that can reach ₹250 crore for failing to protect data.

In LumaKol: For its leads’ data, your business is the Data Fiduciary and LumaKol processes it for you under the Data Processing Addendum.

Drip sequence

Noto anche come: Drip campaign, Cadence

A drip sequence is a planned series of touches sent to a lead over days or weeks, such as an email on day one, a WhatsApp on day two and a call on day three, which stops when the lead responds.

Perché è importante: Most leads need several touches before they reply. A sequence makes sure the next one happens even on a busy day.

In LumaKol: LumaKol sequences send emails from your own connected mailbox, prompt WhatsApp and SMS from the owner’s phone, create call tasks, and end when a call is answered or the lead is won or lost.

First call resolution

Noto anche come: FCR

First call resolution is the share of calls where the customer’s question or problem is settled on the first call, with no follow-up needed.

Perché è importante: It is mainly a support measure. In sales, the closer equivalent is how often the first call ends with a clear next step booked.

Follow-up

A follow-up is the next planned contact with a lead after a call or message, with a date and time attached.

Perché è importante: Most sales are lost to follow-ups that never happened, not to a bad first call. Every call should end with the next one booked.

In LumaKol: Choosing an outcome in LumaKol books the follow-up, reminds the caller on their phone and puts the lead back in the queue when it is due.

IVR

Noto anche come: Interactive voice response

IVR (interactive voice response) is the automated menu callers hear on a business line, such as “press 1 for sales”, which routes the call or answers simple questions.

Perché è importante: It helps inbound lines with many callers. For outbound sales from mobile numbers there is no IVR: the lead hears the caller straight away.

Lead

A lead is a person or business who might buy from you, usually with a name, a phone number and where they came from.

Perché è importante: A calling team’s whole day is organised around leads: who to call next, what they asked for and when to call again.

Lead scoring

Lead scoring gives each lead a number that estimates how likely it is to buy, based on things like how new it is, where it came from and how earlier calls went.

Perché è importante: It tells callers which leads to call first when there are more leads than hours in the day.

In LumaKol: LumaKol scores leads and orders each caller’s queue by score, so a new enquiry that has never been called scores higher.

Lead source

A lead source is where a lead came from: a website form, an ad, a portal such as IndiaMART or JustDial, a walk-in, a referral or an imported list.

Perché è importante: Sources convert very differently. Tracking them shows where your best customers come from and which channels are wasting money.

In LumaKol: Every LumaKol lead keeps its source, and a call script can be set for a lead source.

Leggi di più: Lead sources compared

NCPR

Noto anche come: National Customer Preference Register

The NCPR (National Customer Preference Register) is the register behind India’s DND system. It stores each mobile user’s choice to block all commercial communication or only chosen categories of it.

Perché è importante: Commercial calls and messages that ignore a registered preference can lead to complaints and action against the sender’s numbers.

Opt-out

Noto anche come: Do-not-call request

An opt-out is a person’s request to stop being contacted, for example by saying “please don’t call me again” on a call or using an unsubscribe link.

Perché è importante: An opt-out should reach everyone on the team at once. In many markets ignoring one is a breach of the rules, and it always costs goodwill.

In LumaKol: Logging the outcome “Requested no contact” in LumaKol takes the lead out of every queue and marks it Do not call, and with the do-not-call setting on, the apps refuse to dial it. A lead can also be marked Do not call by hand on the web, with a reason.

PECR

Noto anche come: Privacy and Electronic Communications Regulations

PECR (the Privacy and Electronic Communications Regulations) are the UK rules on marketing calls, texts and emails, enforced by the ICO. They sit alongside the UK GDPR.

Perché è importante: PECR is where the UK rules on TPS screening, caller ID and automated calls come from.

Pipeline

Noto anche come: Sales pipeline

A pipeline is the set of stages a lead moves through from first contact to a sale, such as new, contacted, visit booked, negotiating and won.

Perché è importante: It shows at a glance how many deals are at each step and where they get stuck.

Power dialer

A power dialer calls the next number on a list automatically as soon as the caller finishes the previous call, one call at a time.

Perché è importante: It cuts dead time between calls without the dropped calls a predictive dialer can cause.

In LumaKol: LumaKol’s auto-dial next lead works in a similar way, from the agent’s own SIM, after a countdown the agent can cancel. Power Dialer runs it as one session over a whole list.

Power dialing session

Noto anche come: Calling session, Power dialer session

A power dialing session is a block of time in which a caller works through a list back to back, with the next number dialled automatically after each call. It is how a power dialer is usually run.

Perché è importante: Measuring sessions shows how much time callers really spend calling and how many calls they make per active hour, which a daily call count hides.

In LumaKol: LumaKol’s Power Dialer runs these sessions on Android: after each hang-up the app counts down a 3 to 60 second gap and dials the next lead from the agent’s own SIM, tags calls that don’t connect for you, and Pause, Skip lead and End session work at any time. Managers see each agent’s sessions in Reports → Calling sessions.

Predictive dialer

A predictive dialer dials several numbers at once and connects answered calls to whichever agent is free, using statistics to guess when agents will be available.

Perché è importante: It raises talk time for large call centres, but answered calls with no free agent get dropped or delayed, which many regulators restrict. LumaKol is not a predictive dialer.

Round robin

Round robin assigns new leads to callers in turn: the first to one person, the next to the next person, and so on.

Perché è importante: It spreads leads fairly and stops new enquiries waiting for someone to claim them.

In LumaKol: LumaKol can assign imported leads and leads from connected sources round robin across chosen callers.

SIM-based calling

SIM-based calling means sales calls go out over the mobile network from the SIM in the caller’s own phone, rather than over the internet through a virtual number.

Perché è importante: Leads see a normal mobile number, there is no per-minute platform charge, and calls work wherever the phone has signal.

In LumaKol: LumaKol is built on it: callers ring leads from their own SIM, and the Android app logs each work call to the right lead.

Leggi di più: Keep your number

Spam label

Noto anche come: Spam likely, Suspected spam

A spam label is a warning such as “Spam likely” shown on an incoming call by the phone, the operator or a caller ID app, based on reports and calling patterns.

Perché è importante: A labelled number gets far fewer answers. High volumes of short calls and complaints are common causes. In India, TRAI’s 2026 amendment says the 140, 1600 and 1601 series must not be flagged as suspected spam.

Speed to lead

Noto anche come: Lead response time

Speed to lead is the time between a lead arriving and your first call to them.

Perché è importante: An enquiry is warmest in the first minutes. The longer the wait, the more likely the lead has moved on or called someone else.

In LumaKol: LumaKol’s coaching report measures speed to lead, and new leads that have never been called score higher in the queue.

Stage

Noto anche come: Pipeline stage

A stage is one step in a pipeline, such as contacted, visit booked or negotiating. Each lead is in exactly one stage at a time.

Perché è importante: Stages tell a caller what the next call is for, and tell a manager where deals stall.

In LumaKol: In LumaKol a call script can be set per stage, so the caller sees the one for where the lead is now.

Talk time

Talk time is the total time a caller spends in connected conversations, usually measured per day or per week.

Perché è importante: It is a better measure of effort than the number of dials, but read it next to outcomes: long talk time with no next steps booked is a coaching topic.

In LumaKol: LumaKol adds up connected calls only, so the seconds an answering machine took before the caller saved No answer are not talk time. Agents also see their own talk time beside their active time on My performance.

TCCCPR

Noto anche come: Telecom Commercial Communications Customer Preference Regulations, 2018

The TCCCPR (Telecom Commercial Communications Customer Preference Regulations, 2018) are TRAI’s rules on commercial calls and messages in India. They cover DND preferences, sender registration on DLT, consent, complaints and action against unregistered senders.

Perché è importante: They were amended in February 2025 and again in September 2026. Under the 2026 amendment, calls based on a customer’s own written or digital enquiry are allowed for seven days from that enquiry.

TCPA

Noto anche come: Telephone Consumer Protection Act

The TCPA (Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991) is the US federal law on telemarketing calls and texts, with rules set by the FCC. It restricts autodialled and prerecorded calls and texts, limits telemarketing calls to homes to between 8 a.m. and 9 p.m., and is the basis for the FCC’s do-not-call rules.

Perché è importante: Autodialled or prerecorded calls and texts to mobiles generally need prior consent, and commercial texts need written consent. People can sue for each unlawful call, so mistakes repeated across a list add up.

Telecaller

Noto anche come: Telesales agent, Inside sales caller

A telecaller is a person whose job is to call leads and customers by phone: answering enquiries, qualifying them, booking the next step and following up.

Perché è importante: Telecallers usually make dozens of calls a day, so tools that cut typing and remembering give them more time on the phone.

TPS and CTPS

Noto anche come: Telephone Preference Service, Corporate Telephone Preference Service

The TPS (Telephone Preference Service) is the UK register of individuals who have opted out of live marketing calls; the CTPS is the same for companies and other corporate bodies.

Perché è importante: Under PECR you must not make unsolicited live marketing calls to a registered number unless that person has specifically consented to your calls. Automated marketing calls need specific consent whether or not the number is registered.

VoIP

Noto anche come: Voice over IP, Voice over Internet Protocol

VoIP (voice over internet protocol) carries phone calls over an internet connection instead of the mobile network, usually from an app or a browser using a virtual number.

Perché è importante: VoIP is flexible and good for shared inbound lines, but call quality depends on the internet connection, and leads see a number they may not recognise.

Warm lead

A warm lead is someone who has already shown interest, for example by filling in a form, sending an enquiry or asking for a callback. A cold lead has not.

Perché è importante: Warm leads convert far better and are the calls people expect, so they should be called first and fast.

140 series numbers

Noto anche come: 140xx numbers

140 series numbers are the Indian phone numbers set aside for promotional calls. TRAI requires promotional calls to come from 140-series numbers through registered telemarketers.

Perché è importante: Most unwanted commercial calls in India come from ordinary 10-digit numbers that bypass the system, and complaints against such numbers can get them disconnected. Promotional campaigns belong on the 140 series, not on agents’ mobile numbers.

1600 series numbers

Noto anche come: 160 series, 1600xx numbers

1600 series numbers are the Indian phone numbers TRAI has set aside for service and transactional calls from the financial sector, such as banks and insurers, so people can tell those calls apart from other commercial calls.

Perché è importante: If you sell or service financial products for a regulated entity in India, its service and transactional calls are moving to these numbers.

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